Supplementing with urolithin-A may slow immune aging in addition to improving muscular performance, endurance, and markers of mitochondrial health such as mitophagy. Previous studies have found that supplementing with 500 milligrams of urolithin-A can improve muscle strength in older adults. If people up that dose to about a thousand milligrams a day, that also seems to improve endurance performance and VO2 max as well. And this new study suggests that supplementing with a thousand milligrams of urolithin-A for about a month seems to improve immune aging. So as we age, something called immunosenescence occurs. This is where we start to lose immune cells that are important for fighting off pathogens. Well, in this new study, it found that supplementing with urolithin-A seemed to increase the number of CD8-positive T cells. These are the cells that are important for fighting off infections from bacteria, from viruses. And it also seemed to shift the energy metabolism of these immune cells in a favorable way, where they're not relying so much on glucose, but they're also relying on other sources of fuel such as fatty acids as well. Urolithin-A is what's called a postbiotic. So it's a gut-derived metabolite that's generated from a certain polyphenol called elagitannins that are found mostly in pomegranate but also walnuts. Urolithin-A has been shown in multiple other studies to be a potent inducer of a process called mitophagy, which is essentially making mitochondria healthy by causing damaged parts of mitochondria to kind of rejuvenate themselves. So mitochondrial health is improved. Therefore, you can improve muscle endurance, you can improve muscle strength, and now what we're seeing is immune aging as well. There have been some animal studies showing that urolithin-A can also increase life expectancy. So there's a lot of new excitement with respect to this urolithin-A compound. I mentioned that you do make it from polyphenols like the elagitannins. The only problem is that it requires a certain type of gut bacteria to do that. Not everyone has those types of gut bacteria, so some people ultimately have to supplement. There's about a 50% chance that people do not have the type of bacteria that converts the elagitannins into urolithin-A and therefore supplementation becomes key. Also, we find that the dose seems to be important with higher doses of urolithin-A in the 1,000 milligrams range affecting both immune aging and endurance function as well. So something to keep an eye on. I'm definitely excited about this.