NAD+

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide precursor supplementation to support cellular energy metabolism & longevity pathways.

goal:longevity metabolic cardiovasculargoal:longevitygoal:healthspangoal:metabolicdrug test safeevidence:moderatestudy:rctpop:general healthy adultsform:other

Evidence last reviewed: 04 Apr 2026

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Evidence

3 records

3 recordsBest grade:Moderate

Moderate evidence indicates that NAD+ precursors like NR and NMN effectively raise blood NAD+ levels. However, more research is needed to fully understand the long-term effects and optimal dosing.

NAD+ precursor biology & bioavailability in human tissue

General adults; review of human studies · Systematic review / mechanistic review

Moderate

Supports precursor-to-NAD biology; NR & NMN reliably raise blood NAD+ levels in humans, but whether NAD+ product supplementation (as opposed to precursors) is bioequivalent remains unclear. Evidence does not necessarily establish NAD+ product equivalence.

Dose: —

Citation: Nanga et al. 2024. PMC11436296.

Key mechanistic reference for NAD+ precursor biology.

NAD+ metabolome & aging in humans (NR supplementation)

Healthy adults; aging cohorts · Randomized controlled trial

Moderate

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) supplementation significantly increased whole-blood NAD+ & related metabolites; effects on downstream aging biomarkers were modest & variable across individuals.

Dose: —Form: Nicotinamide Riboside

Citation: Berven H, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of nicotinamide riboside on energy metabolism, muscle function, and physical performance in healthy adults. Nat Commun. 2023.

Nat Commun 2023; doi verified.

Blood NAD+ elevation & physical performance (NMN supplementation)

Healthy middle-aged adults (n=80) · Randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-dependent clinical trial

Moderate

NMN at 300, 600, or 900 mg/day for 60 days significantly increased blood NAD+ vs placebo (p≤0.001). Six-minute walk distance improved significantly at 600–900 mg. Biological age remained stable in NMN groups while increasing in placebo. Well tolerated with no adverse events.

Dose: 600 mgDuration: 60 days

Citation: Yi L, Maier AB, Tao R, et al. The efficacy and safety of β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) supplementation in healthy middle-aged adults: a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-dependent clinical trial. Geroscience. 2023;45(1):29-43.

Dose-dependent NAD+ elevation; clinical significance of performance improvements needs replication in larger trials.

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How to take it

Take 300-900 mg of NMN or NR daily, preferably in the morning.

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