Iron (Ferrous Bisglycinate)
Ferrous bisglycinate is an amino acid chelate form of iron with superior bioavailability and gastrointestinal tolerability compared to traditional iron salts; it is the first-line choice for iron deficiency anemia supplementation, particularly in pregnancy.
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A controlled human absorption study found geometric mean iron absorption from ferrous bisglycinate (6.0%) was approximately 4-fold higher than ferrous sulfate (1.7%) in whole-maize meal; absorption from bisglycinate was regulated by iron status and did not exchange with non-heme food iron, indicating a protected chelate pathway.
Meta-analysis of 17 RCTs found ferrous bisglycinate produced significantly higher hemoglobin concentrations and fewer gastrointestinal adverse events compared to other iron supplements in pregnant women; ferritin showed a non-significant trend toward improvement; no clear advantage was demonstrated in children.