StackTerminal.Health

BETA

Iodine

Iodine is an essential trace element required for thyroid hormone (T3 & T4) synthesis; severe deficiency causes cretinism & goiter, & adequate intake during pregnancy & early childhood is critical for normal neurodevelopment.

thyroidcognitivepregnancyhormonalessential-mineral
Evidence last reviewed: 04 Apr 2026
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Biomarkers studied
Outcomes directly measured across the evidence records below
Cognitive
Cognitive Function
Evidence
2 records
Child development outcomes (cretinism prevention, motor/cognitive) in relation to prenatal iodine
Pregnant women and their offspring across iodine-status populationssystematic review of RCTs
PUBMEDLow

Systematic review of 8 RCTs found that in areas of severe iodine deficiency, supplementation reduced cretinism risk & showed some motor development benefits; in mild-to-moderate deficiency areas, no RCTs provided data on childhood cognitive or developmental outcomes; effects on maternal thyroid function were inconsistent.

Dose: 0 mgDuration: during pregnancy
Thyroid function & child neurodevelopment in mildly deficient pregnancy
Pregnant women with mild-to-moderate iodine deficiencysystematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs
PUBMEDLow

A systematic review of 10 RCTs & 23 observational studies found inconsistent effects of iodine supplementation on maternal or infant TSH & no significant improvement in childhood cognitive, language, or motor scores; authors concluded evidence is insufficient to support universal supplementation in mild-to-moderate deficiency regions but supplementation remains important in severe deficiency.

Dose: 0 mgDuration: pregnancy duration
Dose in mg (150 mcg = 0.15 mg). WHO recommends 250 mcg/day during pregnancy. Benefits are most clear in severely iodine-deficient populations.
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thyroidhormonalenergy

Iodine & selenium are combined to support thyroid function & hormonal balance. Iodine is essential for thyroid hormone production, while selenium supports thyroid health & antioxidant defense.

Iodine
150mg
Selenium
100mg
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