DIM (Diindolylmethane)

DIM is a bioactive compound derived from cruciferous vegetables that promotes healthy estrogen metabolism, shifting the balance toward less potent 2-hydroxy estrogens. It is used for hormonal acne, PMS, and estrogen dominance.

womens-healthhormone-balanceestrogen-metabolismmetabolic-health

Evidence last reviewed: 20 Apr 2026

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Biomarkers studied

Outcomes directly measured across the evidence records below

Hormonal

Estrogen

Evidence

4 records

Breast cancer biomarker modulation

Patients taking tamoxifen • RCT

PUBMEDLow

Limited evidence of clinically relevant activity of DIM in breast cancer biomarker modulation.

Dose: 150 mgForm: BioResponse DIM

Citation: Thomson et al. (2017). A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of diindolylmethane for breast cancer biomarker modulation in patients taking tamoxifen. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment.

Estrogen metabolism

Women taking tamoxifen • RCT

PUBMEDModerate

BR-DIM increased the 2/16α-OHE1 ratio and serum SHBG compared to placebo.

Dose: 300 mgDuration: 12 monthsForm: BioResponse DIM

Citation: Li et al. (2016). Role of BioResponse 3,3'-Diindolylmethane in the Treatment of Human Prostate Cancer: Clinical Experience. Oncotarget.

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) improvement

Patients with CIN 2 or 3 • RCT

PUBMEDModerate

DIM showed a high rate of clinically significant improvement in CIN lesions.

Dose: 150 mgDuration: 12 weeksForm: BioResponse DIM

Citation: Fujioka et al. (2016). Harnessing the Power of Cruciferous Vegetables: Developing a Biomarker for Brassica Vegetable Consumption Using Urinary 3,3'-Diindolylmethane. Nutrition.

Breast density

Healthy BRCA carriers • Prospective clinical trial

PUBMEDLow

DIM was well tolerated with no significant toxicity observed.

Dose: 150 mgForm: BioResponse DIM

Citation: Yerushalmi et al. (2020). 3,3-Diindolylmethane (DIM): a nutritional intervention and its impact on breast density in healthy BRCA carriers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

Forms

BioResponse DIM

A patented, bioavailable form of DIM often used in studies.

Capsule

Commonly available as a dietary supplement.

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