StackTerminal.Health

BETA

Carnosine

Carnosine is a dipeptide concentrated in muscle and brain, known for its roles in intracellular pH buffering, anti-glycation, and antioxidant activity. It is used to reduce AGE accumulation, improve exercise performance, and provide neuroprotection.

anti-agingperformanceneuroprotectionanti-inflammatoryantioxidant
Evidence last reviewed: 20 Apr 2026
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Biomarkers studied
Outcomes directly measured across the evidence records below
Gut
Gut Permeability
Evidence
4 records
exercise capacity
healthy adultsMeta-analysis
PUBMEDHigh

Beta-alanine supplementation, which increases carnosine levels, significantly improves exercise capacity.

Dose: 1000 mg
exercise performance
trained young malesSystematic review
PUBMEDHigh

Chronic beta-alanine supplementation enhances exercise performance in trained individuals.

Dose: 1000 mg
anti-glycation
general populationSystematic review
PUBMEDModerate

Carnosine's dual-targeting antioxidant and anti-glycation properties may inhibit processes like melanogenesis.

Dose: 1000 mg
sarcopenia
older adultsRandomized Controlled Trial
PUBMEDModerate

A dietary supplement containing carnosine showed promise in treating age-related sarcopenia by regulating gut permeability.

Dose: 1000 mg
Forms
Capsule
Commonly used for oral supplementation.
Powder
Can be mixed with liquids for easier consumption.

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