StackTerminal.Health

BETA

Calcium

Calcium is an essential mineral crucial for bone health, muscle function, and nerve signaling. Supplementation is particularly beneficial for individuals with low dietary intake, postmenopausal women, and those at risk of osteoporosis.

bone-healthnutritionalcardiovascularmuscle-growth
Evidence last reviewed: 20 Apr 2026
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Evidence
5 records
Bone mineral density
Postmenopausal womenMeta-analysis
PUBMEDHigh

Combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation significantly increased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

Dose: 1000 mg
Fracture incidence
Community-dwelling older adultsSystematic review
PUBMEDModerate

No significant association was found between calcium supplementation and reduced fracture risk in older adults.

Dose: 1000 mg
Hip fracture prevention
Postmenopausal womenSystematic review
PUBMEDHigh

Combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation could prevent osteoporosis-related hip fractures.

Dose: 1000 mg
Fracture risk
Community-dwelling older adultsMeta-analysis
PUBMEDModerate

Calcium supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of fractures among older adults.

Dose: 1000 mg
Pre-eclampsia prevention
Pregnant womenSystematic review
PUBMEDLow

Calcium supplementation may help in the prevention of pre-eclampsia.

Dose: 1000 mg
Forms
Calcium Carbonate
Most common form, requires stomach acid for absorption.
Calcium Citrate
Better absorbed than carbonate, especially in older adults.
Calcium Gluconate
Less concentrated form, often used in intravenous applications.
Calcium Lactate
Easily absorbed, used in food fortification.

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